Contestants in a pig-catching competition show off their prize in Muara, Indonesia (AFP Photo/Albert Ivan Damanik) |
Indonesia's bid to lure more visitors by spreading halal tourism across the archipelago is facing a backlash, with a Christian celebration of pigs -- forbidden for Muslims -- the latest act of dissent.
The weekend
festival-cum-protest in Sumatra, featuring pig racing, chubbiest hog contests
and a porcine fashion show, comes as holiday hotspot Bali pushes back against
rolling out more Muslim-friendly services on the Hindu island.
Critics say
a government plan to cash in on halal tourism -- part of a broader campaign to
replicate Bali's success nationwide -- is another threat to minority rights in
the world's most populous Muslim-majority nation.
And critics
have warned that the sprawling nation of 260 million -- where nearly 90 percent
of the population follows Islam -- is taking hard-right turn with a
conservative cleric now installed as vice-president and hardliners growing
increasingly vocal in public life.
Indonesia's
reputation for tolerant Islam has been under fire for years.
Pushing
halal tourism in areas with religious minorities -- including Christians,
Buddhists and Hindus -- may do more harm than good, warned Ali Munhanif, an
expert on political Islam at Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University
Jakarta.
Indonesian
children gather around a caged pig at the Lake Toba
Festival in Muara, on
Sumatra island (AFP Photo/Albert Ivan Damanik)
|
"The
phenomenon signals an effort to institutionalise conservatism," he said.
"Bali
successfully manages its tourism sector without using a 'Hindu' label.
But
advocates say halal tourism is misunderstood.
"There
is a public misperception that halal tourism is Islamisation. That is wrong and
it's why some people overreact to the concept," said Zainut Tauhid,
Indonesia's deputy minister of religious affairs.
"It is
about providing necessary facilities for Muslim visitors such as prayer rooms.
So it is facilitation rather than Islamisation."
'Divide
people'
That view
isn't shared by some around Lake Toba, a scenic crater lake in Sumatra where
the weekend pig festival was held.
Indonesian
children take part in a pig-themed colouring contest (AFP Photo/
Albert Ivan
Damanik)
|
Most locals
are Batak, a Christian ethnic group that puts pigs at the centre of its traditional
cuisine, with hog farming a key source of income.
Last month,
provincial governor Edy Rahmayadi raised eyebrows when said he wanted to boost
tourism with Islam-friendly facilities and services.
That
included opening more halal restaurants and mosques, as well as banning the
public slaughter of hogs, with the governor saying the practice could turn off
Muslim visitors.
"This
idea to bring in halal tourism is going to divide people," festival
organiser Togu Simorangkir told AFP
"It's
a step back for tourism here," he added.
About 1,000
people dropped by the event, including children who scribbled in pig-themed
colouring books and adults watching as hogs were judged on their plump
proportions.
"Batak
culture is particularly known for its pigs," said higher schooler Edo
Sianturi.
A
blindfolded boy takes part in a pig-catching competition during a
festival in
Muara (AFP Photo/Albert Ivan Damanik)
|
"We've
been raising them and earning a living from them for generations."
Visitor
Sabrina Singarimbun, a Muslim student in a head-covering hijab, was keen to see
which best-dressed pig would win the festival's fashion contest.
"I
disagree with the (halal tourism) idea because it's Batak culture here and most
people aren't Muslim," she said.
'Tourism
is about happiness'
Elsewhere,
halal tourism is often seen as a lucrative business opportunity.
Thailand
and Taiwan are among regional destinations tapping the halal tourism sector,
which a 2017 study found will be worth some $300 billion annually.
This month,
Indonesia ushered in new halal labelling rules for consumer products and
services, as the government eyes travellers from other Islamic nations to rev
up its much-touted "10 New Balis" tourism push, which includes Lake
Toba.
But efforts
to cater to Muslim visitors has drawn controversy.
A farmer
splashes water over pigs in their pen during the Pig and Pork Lake
Toba
Festival in Muara (AFP Photo/Albert Ivan Damanik)
|
This
summer, officials in Lombok -- an island next to Bali that has many
Muslim-friendly services -- quickly rolled back plans to set up separate
camping areas for male and female hikers in Mount Rinjani National Park after a
public backlash.
Two
restaurants in Makassar on Sulawesi island, meanwhile, were forced to close
after a Muslim group in July complained that the smell of their pork dishes was
wafting over to nearby mosques and halal restaurants.
Back in
North Sumatra, the governor's spokesman Muhammad Ikhsan said his boss was
misunderstood.
"He
just wants to make Lake Toba a friendly place for Muslim visitors," Ikhsan
said, adding that he hoped it would also curtail the environmental impact of
pig farming.
"What
we want is just to make things organised, not to make it a halal place."
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