Jakarta Globe, Vanesha Manuturi, January 6, 2014
An orangutan soaks in an artificial river at the Surabaya zoo in Surabaya on October 10, 2013. (AFP Photo) |
In
Surabaya, right behind the grand statue of a white shark and a crocodile, lies
what international media have nicknamed “the Zoo of Death.”
The
Surabaya Zoo, entered the media spotlight a few years ago with the mysterious
deaths of an African lion and an Australian kangaroo.
Since then,
the largest zoo in Indonesia continues to grab headlines: “Giraffe found dead
with 20 kg of plastic in its stomach”; “Sumatran tiger fed formaldehyde-laced
meat”; “Three baby Komodo dragons missing.”
British
newspaper The Daily Mail recently reported more cases of negligence and cruelty
at the zoo.
A young
elephant was found with shackles on its hind leg, whose manacles had cut into
its flesh, and more than 150 pelicans were seen tightly jammed into one cage.
Another elephant had its front and hind legs in chained.
There were
43 animal deaths at the zoo between July and September of last year, according
to data acquired by the Jakarta Globe.
“[The
Surabaya Zoo case] has been going on for five years. Everybody knows about it,
but nothing’s changing,” said Femke den Haas, the founder of Jakarta Animal Aid
Network, a local nonprofit dedicated to animal conservation.
In 2010,
after an overhaul by the Forestry Ministry, management of the zoo was assigned
to the Surabaya City Administration, but active management only started in July
2013.
The city
plans to improve the zoo over three years. It has allocated Rp 60 billion ($4.9
million) to the zoo’s management over the next five years, according to a
report by Republika.
In response
to the Daily Mail’s report, Tri Rismaharini, the mayor of Surabaya, told local
media last year that the zoo was improving.
A team from
the University of Airlangga last year audited the zoo’s finances and animal
inventory. According to Amelia, an officer from the economy and development
division of the Surabaya City Administration, their report is now complete.
“Currently,
we’re just waiting to present it to the mayor,” Amelia said last Tuesday.
The city
had allocated Rp 5 billion for the zoo improvements as of last August.
Animal
politics
“[This] is
a classic example of what thousands of people already know and what
conservation organizations have tried to aid with over the last years,” said
Sybelle Foxcroft, the director of Conservation Environmental Education 4 Life
(Cee4life) in an email last Thursday.
Cee4life is
one of the conservation organizations who has offered aid to the Surabaya Zoo.
The
organization assisted in moving a malnourished female tiger called Melani from
the Surabaya Zoo to Taman Safari in Bogor.
“Cee4life
has been supporting the care of Melani in Taman Safari and she is so much
better now than we she was inside Surabaya,” Foxcroft said.
Foxcroft
also travelled to Surabaya to meet the mayor last year. The mayor was
unavailable at the time, but Foxcroft left a letter with an offer to help.
In her
reply to Foxcroft, the mayor thanked Foxcroft for her sympathy, but gave little
to no comment about Foxcroft’s offer.
“The mayor
has been offered an enormous amount of aid from animal welfare organizations
around the world, including Cee4life. However, she has refused all aid,”
Foxcroft said.
“It is
clearly obvious that numerous animals are dying under horrendous conditions at
the zoo, but the mayor continues to ignore it all and pretend that nothing is
happening. It is a shocking thing for the world to see.”
The
Indonesian Zoo and Aquarium Association, known as PKBSI, said the problems in
Surabaya Zoo didn’t just stem from a lack of expertise, but also politics.
“[We]
acknowledge what’s going on with the Surabaya Zoo. Our organization has
attempted and achieved several changes in improving animal welfare at the zoo,
as well as its infrastructure and human resources, but with the mayor of
Surabaya’s lack of understanding in conservation or zoo management — and
influenced by a private staff that used to work at the zoo — the Surabaya Zoo
case became even more complicated,” said Susi Lawati, PKBSI’s secretary in an
email last Friday.
PKBSI is a
nonprofit organization appointed by the Forestry Ministry in zoo accreditation
and monitoring.
Tony
Sumampau, the general secretary for PKBSI, was the head of Surabaya Zoo’s
temporary management team before the city administration took over.
Tony is
also the director of Taman Safari park in Bogor.
The
Surabaya City Administration and the Surabaya Zoo have not responded to
requests for comment.
The bigger
picture
Unfortunately,
Surabaya Zoo isn’t the only Indonesian zoo under heavy criticism. Across the
archipelago, there have been numerous reports of animal abuse, according to den
Haas of JAAN.
“JAAN,
Animal Friends Jogja and other animal protection groups in Indonesia receive
reports about animal cruelty in parks throughout the country,” she said.
“This
[last] week alone, reports and complaints about zoos in Batam, Bukittinggi,
Palangkaraya, Lampung’s Bumi Kedaton, and South Jakarta’s Ragunan Zoo — where
an orangutan juvenile hung herself — have inundated our office.”
Den Haas
pointed to PKBSI, saying that the organization’s members have a conflict of
interest since most of them are zoo owners.
Once the
government removes PKBSI and implements a new, neutral organization whose sole
purpose is animal welfare, Indonesian zoos will have a chance to improve, den
Haas said in a telephone interview last Thursday.
“I know
it’s a harsh statement, but I believe in it 150 percent, after seeing it for
over 10 years – the unwillingness to enforce basic animal welfare regulations,”
she added.
Responding
to the statement, PKBSI said its accreditation has been approved and praised by
the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums.
The
organization and the Forestry Ministry have conducted zoo accreditations since
2011 according to standards set by the Southeast Asian Zoo Association.
“There have
been 24 zoos under accreditation, some passed excellently, but some are average
or lacking – such as the Surabaya Zoo — but there has to be a willingness to
change within a set period of time,” according to an email sent by PKBSI on
Saturday.
“If those
who didn’t pass are unwilling to change, do we shut them down? If we do shut
down the Surabaya Zoo, could it become a mall?”
Other than
the removal of PKBSI, den Haas mentioned that the government has made a step
towards improving animal welfare when it passed five basic animal rights two
years ago.
“It just
needs to be more detailed,” she said.
Despite
bleak media coverage of Indonesian zoos, den Haas is optimistic that there is
room for improvement.
“It’s not
that Indonesia is not capable, but as long as the wrong people manage, things
will never change,” she said.
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