Eye witness
AFP's
Sydney-based journalist Madeleine Coorey delves into Australia's evolving
respect for its Aboriginal people, and looks at some of the taboos around
reporting from sacred sites.
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| Participants at the Mbantua Aboriginal cultural festival, October 12, 2013. (AFP Photo/Greg Wood) |
AFP, Madeleine
Coorey, 21 January 2014
In the
middle of the Australian outback, with the sun beating fiercely down, comes a
voice in my ear: "You can't take photos of that tree, it's a sacred
site." What? The beautiful silver gum tree right in the middle of where we
are about to do an interview? Yes, replies my extremely patient media contact,
adding there were other sites of deep significance to the local Aboriginal
people nearby -- including sacred rocks -- and we should avoid those too.
It was the
kind of comment my colleagues and I heard frequently during our stay in Alice
Springs covering the Mbantua indigenous cultural festival and journeying to the
awe-inspiring red monolith Uluru in central Australia.
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| A participant performs at the Mbantua Aboriginal cultural festival in Alice Springs in Australia's Northern Territory state, October 12, 2013. (AFP Photo/Greg Wood) |
From
towering trees to small shrubs, from waterholes to collections of random
boulders; sites that to the traveller might seem an ordinary feature in the
desert landscape were frequently pointed out as sacred sites, with a history
heavy in significance to the indigenous owners of the land.
At the
Mbantua festival, some sacred sites were fenced off, but others -- such as the
off-limits towering River Red Gum, formed part of the spectacular backdrop for
the festival which included an open-air musical theatre performance and
traditional dances. That Uluru, the massive sandstone monolith which rises 348
metres (1,148 feet) from the desert sands, would be a sacred site to its
traditional Aboriginal owners, known as Anangu, for thousands of years is
obvious.
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| Uluru, formerly known as Ayers Rock, a large sandstone rock formation and the world's largest monolith situated in the southern part of the Northern Territory in central Australia, October 11, 2013. (AFP Photo/Greg Wood) |
Even though
I had seen images of Uluru my whole life, nothing prepared me for seeing it
with my own eyes for the first time. It's impressive from the moment it appears
ahead of you some kilometres in the distance. And up close it again surprises;
who knew that fig trees bloomed in its fissures or that waterpools formed in
its crevices from rain?
Once you're
standing at the base of Uluru, you "get" the magic of it -- the fact
that this enormous rock mysteriously rises out of the desert sand to dominate
the landscape. How did it form here? And why here in the heart of the
Australian continent?
For tens of
thousands of years these were questions that the Anangu alone pondered. But
thanks to the rise of tourism, thousands of people from all over the world now come
to see the rock, and the traditional owners are keen to protect the World
Heritage site.
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| This photo taken on October 11, 2013 shows a tourist looking at a sign stating that the climb is closed for safety reasons near the base of Uluru. (AFP Photo/ Greg Wood) |
National
Parks officers, who manage the major tourist attraction with the Aboriginal
owners, stress that capturing the site on camera is sensitive and that some
sites and ritual objects are restricted to certain groups, such as initiated
men or women. Media visiting the park are given written guidelines, complete
with a map which shows the sites that should not be filmed, photographed or
painted. But even the map does not give all the answers, as some sites cannot
be specifically identified or even publicly discussed -- so cannot even be
marked on the chart.
Another
difficulty for journalists here comes when prominent indigenous Australians die
because Aboriginal people generally don't speak the deceased's name or look at
their pictures for a considerable time as a way of honouring their dead.
Australian media generally respect this concept; when the lead singer of Yothu
Yindi died last year his family approved certain images for the media to use
and he was mostly referred to without using his first name, as Mr Yunupingu.
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| Tourists looking at the Kapi Mutitjulu waterhole at Uluru, October 11, 2013. (AFP Photo/Greg Wood) |
The entire
northeast face of Uluru is generally not allowed to be photographed because it
includes many sacred sites. An image of this might be allowed if, say, a shadow
or a bush or sand dune, obscures the most sensitive areas, the guidelines say.
National Parks support the wishes of the Anangu, which also include a request
that visitors stifle any urge to climb Uluru and content themselves with
walking around the base. The media are also asked not to use images of people
climbing the rock.
It's a far
cry from decades past, when Australians and tourists climbed the rock without a
thought, hanging on tightly to the chain link fence driven into the rock which
has left it scarred, but which aids climbers on the steepest slopes. Fewer
people are tackling the ascent and signposting indicates to visitors that some
sites may be sacred and off-limits. And the greater acceptance of indigenous
cultural values appears to be getting through to visitors.
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| A woman peruses traditional artwork at the Mbantua Aboriginal cultural (AFP Photo/Greg Wood) |
Australia
has a long history of mistreating its indigenous inhabitants since European
colonisation in 1788, with Aborigines not even included in the national census
until 1967. Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders have struggled against
policies, which robbed them of their land, took away their children and
denigrated their cultural traditions.
They remain
the country's most disadvantaged people, with a much higher rate of infant
mortality than other Australians and a significantly shorter life expectancy.
But at Uluru, you feel that some progress has been made towards greater
education and respect for indigenous cultural values.
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| National Parks media officer Amy Warren looks at the Kapi Mutitjulu waterhole at Uluru, formerly known as Ayers Rock, October 11, 2013. (AFP Photo/Greg Wood) |
For our
visit, we were accompanied by an Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park media officer
who was able to check that all our still photographs did not breach the
guidelines and to offer advice on what was, and wasn't, permissible to shoot
for video.
And she was
pleased to take queries from tourists, who are not required to apply for
permits to take photos for personal use. One Sydney man who had snapped what he
worried could be a sacred site, came forward to ask her opinion -- Had he had
inadvertently captured something he shouldn't have on his digital camera? He
told me he didn't want to do the wrong thing. If only all visitors could be so
considerate, I thought.
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