Rita A. Widiadana, The Jakarta Post, Nusa Dua, Bali
Participants of the 12th Meeting of Women Parliamentarians on Sunday called for greater job security and economic welfare for women around the world.
The meeting, held as part of the 116th Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) assembly, which was officially opened Sunday in Bali, focused on the issue of job creation and employment security for women in the era of globalization.
Following the meeting, participants issued a statement which read, in part: "Globalization should benefit all countries and improve the welfare of people worldwide. It should also provide wider job opportunities and participation of women in economic as well as political activities."
More than 100 female members of world parliaments attended the meeting, which was chaired by Indonesian legislator Aisyah Hamid Baidlowi.
In a joint report prepared by Bolivian Elizabeth Salgueoro Carrilo and Osamah Abu Ghararah, a male Saudi Arabian legislator, globalization was said to have both negative and positive influences on and consequences for economic growth, job creation and employment.
"There are two sides of globalization. It can generate demands, opportunities and gains, but it also imposes new constraints and challenges," the report said.
Globalization requires economic and social adjustments, including in the labor market. New economic opportunities require new skills and knowledge management practices, which the majority of women in the world, especially those in poor countries, do not possess, according to the report.
According to the United Nations data, the majority of women in the global labor force are uneducated and lack skills. Nearly two-thirds of the estimated 876 million illiterate people in the world are women.
The data also show that women remain at the lower end of a segregated labor market and continue to be concentrated in a very few occupations with little or no authority. In addition, women generally receive less pay than men.
"Many people still associate globalization with unfair social realities. The process of globalization, many experts say, has led to a substantial deterioration of the employment situation and to job losses, presumably because of higher imports from developing countries," Carrilo and Ghararah said.
Most people are directly affected by globalization through their work and employment. "Gender-based discrimination in many developing and poor countries has become a real threat to women who must bow to the rules of their culture," the report says.
The number of female legislators in the world has increased significantly in the last few years. According to the IPU, the world average of women in all chambers of parliaments has reached an all-time high of nearly 17 percent, compared to only 11.3 percent in 1995.
In 2006, women won 1,557 out of 9,335 seats in parliaments worldwide. As of January 2007, there were more women serving as presiding officers of parliaments than ever before. Women House speakers were elected for the first time in the U.S., Gambia, Israel, Swaziland and Turkmenistan.
Besides issuing recommendations for countries to follow up on, the meeting of women parliamentarians also persuaded the IPU conference to impose administrative sanctions on state delegations that failed to include women parliamentarians as members.
"They will have their voting rights deducted in the upcoming sessions," said Aisyah Hamid Baidlowi.
No comments:
Post a Comment